Shielded metal arc welding (SMAW), gas metal arc welding (GMAW), and gas tungsten arc welding (GTAW) are the main arc welding processes. We are not using line voltage as such since it is very large. Here in between an electrode and work piece, usually low voltage high current arcs are preferred. Rated terminal voltage or open circuit voltage required for arc welding is generated by a transformer or a solid state inverter. Motor-generator set also can be used. In the latest category of solid-state arc sources, pulses over a broad range of frequencies are possible and this is termed as pulsed power sources.
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